Sources
Where every figure comes from, grouped by who produced it. Being a federal agency is not what makes a number usable: a readable licence, a documented method, and figures that reproduce against something else are.
How close to the measurement
- primary published by the body that collected it
- compiled assembled from primary sources, method documented
- modelled estimated for small areas, not measured in them
US federal agency
| Source | Statistics | Class | Licence | Checked against |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates U.S. Census Bureau | 449 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Texas median household income $78,476 and Rockwall County $127,981 read back to the same cells in the raw Summary File. |
| County Business Patterns U.S. Census Bureau | 168 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | NAICS 452311 warehouse clubs reproduce the published 2023 counts; an earlier build used the 2022 vintage and returned zeros. |
| Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics Bureau of Labor Statistics | 160 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | San Jose's software-developer location quotient of 7.09 matches the published OEWS metro table. |
| PLACES: Local Data for Better Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | 40 | modelled · peer-reviewed | US Government work (public domain) | |
| Regional Economic Accounts Bureau of Economic Analysis | 34 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Loving County, Texas at 99% mining and Manhattan at 43% finance match the published industry shares. |
| Census of Agriculture U.S. Department of Agriculture | 28 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Tulare County leads cattle, Duplin and Sampson counties lead pigs, Lancaster County leads laying hens. |
| State Cancer Profiles National Cancer Institute | 21 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Lung cancer peaks in eastern Kentucky and bottoms out on the Navajo Nation; melanoma peaks in high-altitude Utah. |
| CDC mortality datasets (NVSS, NCHS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | 20 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | |
| Personal Consumption Expenditures by State Bureau of Economic Analysis | 19 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Alaska highest and Utah lowest on health spending per person; the grocery share peaks in Mississippi, which is Engel's law. |
| NCEI climate divisional dataset and Storm Prediction Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | 14 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Key West hottest and the North Slope coldest; Yakutat wettest at 197 inches, Imperial County driest at 3.2. Mean warming +1.5°F, with the cooling… |
| Uniform Crime Reporting Program Federal Bureau of Investigation | 11 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Violent crime highest in DC, Alaska and New Mexico, lowest in Maine and Connecticut, matching the published 2025 state table. |
| Fatality Analysis Reporting System National Highway Traffic Safety Administration | 10 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Annual totals track NHTSA's published figures once records with no usable county are excluded; the crash and person files agree exactly. |
| Population Estimates Program U.S. Census Bureau | 8 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Miami-Dade County records net domestic migration of -67,418 against net international migration of +123,835 for 2024, matching the published… |
| Statistics of Income, county data Internal Revenue Service | 8 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Teton County, Wyoming average AGI of $643k matches the published county table. |
| Air Quality System U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | 5 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | San Bernardino, Riverside and Los Angeles counties lead median AQI, Phoenix and the southern Central Valley follow; Bay Area counties are the most… |
| Regional Price Parities Bureau of Economic Analysis | 5 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | California, Hawaii and the District of Columbia are the dearest states and Arkansas and Mississippi the cheapest; San Jose has the highest housing… |
| Storm Events Database National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | 5 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Hail peaks in El Paso County, Colorado and the Rapid City and Cheyenne corridor, which is the recognised Hail Alley; storm casualties peak in Sharkey… |
| Building Permits Survey U.S. Census Bureau | 4 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | Maricopa and Harris counties authorise the most homes, Manhattan and the Bronx are almost entirely multi-unit, and declared cost per home peaks in… |
| Local Area Unemployment Statistics Bureau of Labor Statistics | 1 | primary | US Government work (public domain) | |
| POWER solar and meteorological climatology National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 1 | modelled · peer-reviewed | US Government work (public domain) | Yuma sunniest and Sitka dimmest; Phoenix 5.85 and Seattle 3.76 kWh/m²/day match NREL's published solar resource. |
Academic
| Source | Statistics | Class | Licence | Checked against |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| County Health Rankings & Roadmaps University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute | 58 | compiled · peer-reviewed | CC-BY-4.0 | Free-lunch eligibility peaks in Todd and Bennett counties, South Dakota, and child poverty in Issaquena County, Mississippi. |
| County election returns MIT Election Data and Science Lab | 19 | compiled · peer-reviewed | CC0-1.0 | Roberts County, Texas most Republican and DC most Democratic in 2016; the 2012-2016 swing peaks in Elliott County, Kentucky, which had voted… |
Non-profit
| Source | Statistics | Class | Licence | Checked against |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overture Maps places Overture Maps Foundation | 59 | compiled | CDLA Permissive 2.0 | Cajun restaurants concentrate in the Louisiana parishes of Acadiana, Portuguese restaurants in Bristol County Massachusetts, Vietnamese in Falls… |